Wednesday, 10 February 2016

HVAC Designing basics

The following basic concepts are good things to keep in mind when designing (or evaluating the performance of) a system:

1. As the outdoor design temperature goes up, the cooling capacity of the AC unit goes down (and the load on the house goes up). This is because the outdoor air is the heat sink used by the air conditioner to dump the heat into that is extracted from the indoor air. As the outside air gets warmer, it is harder for the air
conditioner to dump heat into it.

2. As the indoor dry bulb temperature goes down, the cooling capacity goes down. This is because it is harder to extract heat from colder air.

3. As the indoor wet bulb temperature goes down, the cooling capacity goes down. This is because the air has more moisture in it and cooling capacity is used up when this moisture is condensed out of the air.

4. As the airflow across the coil goes down, the cooling capacity goes down. This is because with less air passing across the coil, there is less opportunity for the coil to extract heat from the air stream.

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About

HVAC is the technology of indoor and vehicular environmental comfort. Its goal is to provide thermal comfort and acceptable indoor air quality. HVAC system design is a subdiscipline of mechanical engineering, based on the principles of thermodynamics, fluid mechanics, and heat transfer. Refrigeration is sometimes added to the field's abbreviation as HVAC&R or HVACR, (heating,ventilating and air-conditioning & Refrigeration) or ventilating is dropped as in HACR (such as the designation of HACR-rated circuit breakers). HVAC is important in the design of medium to large industrial and office buildings such as skyscrapers, onboard vessels, and in marine environments such as aquariums, where safe and healthy building conditions are regulated with respect to temperature and humidity, using fresh air from outdoors. Ventilating or ventilation (the V in HVAC) is the process of "exchanging" or replacing air in any space to provide high indoor air quality which involves temperature control, oxygen replenishment, and removal of moisture, odors, smoke, heat, dust, airborne bacteria, and carbon dioxide. Ventilation removes unpleasant smells and excessive moisture, introduces outside air, keeps interior building air circulating, and prevents stagnation of the interior air. Ventilation includes both the exchange of air to the outside as well as circulation of air within the building. It is one of the most important factors for maintaining acceptable indoor air quality in buildings. Methods for ventilating a building may be divided into mechanical/forced and natural types.